Hier een stukje informatie over Toe Tapping, Wing clipping en Constricted Toe Syndrome......het is in het Engels.
Toe Tapping
Toe tapping of foot clenching in Eclectus Parrots involves an involuntary opening and closing of one or both feet. As it happens the claw can make a tapping sound. Toe tapping is a symptom of a disease that has not been fully understood. Desborough and Speer (2002) believe that Toe tapping itself is not progressively worsening condition. When other symptoms occur with Toe tapping (eg wing flipping, seizures, paralysis, itching and self-mutilation) other conditions must be considered. Toe tapping and wing flipping appear to be similar in nature.
Rob Marshall believes Toe tapping to be associated with a neuromuscular irritation most likely initiated bij fungal toxins. He believes that foods susceptoble to rancidity and moult contamination are involved in this condition. Mineral imbalances that are thought to be the underlaying couse of muscle spasm in the toes are known to occur in birds fed contaminated foods. Toe tapping has also been observed in hens at the onset of hormonal changes, in birds with general nutritional and/or calcium deficiencies and in birds fed pellets, processed foods and excessive amounts of vitamin supplements.
Calcium Supplementation and removal of processing foods from the diet have been found to relieve the spasm and control Toe tapping. Severe cases of Toe tapping are often the result of an other, more complicated disease (eg zinc or other poisenings, neuropathy and excessive vitamin supplementation) that requires veterinary attention.
Wing Flipping
Wing flipping is a repetotive and uncontrollable twitching of the wings. It should not be confused with the normal wing flicking that parrots use to rearrange their wing feathers or to express their excitement. It is considered that wing flipping is a stress induced nutritional imbalance that has similar origins to Toe tapping. Wing flipping is a stress responds well to calcium supplementation, exposure to direct sunlight and the elimination of contaminated food (pellets).
Constricted Toe Syndrome
This condition is reported to be common in the USA but is rare in Australia. At present, the cause of this syndrome is still unknown, but suggested factors that may predispose the eclectus, particulairy chicks, to this syndrome include genetic predisposition, inadequate humidity and nutritional excesses and/or deficiencies. Surgical treatment may be necessary to prevent the toe from becoming necrotic. Toe and feet injuries are very distressing for parrots. Is the bone exposed, removal of the toe would be advisable. If this problem is overlooked, dry gangrene is a likely result.
Bron: A Guide to Eclectus Parrots as Pet & Aviary birds.....bij Dr Rob Marshall and Ian Ward.
gr corina
